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A brief description of the general process of plant evolution

The evolution of plants: algae → moss → ferns → gymnosperms → angiosperms. For nearly 3 billion years from 3.5 billion years ago to 400 million years ago (late Silurian), the plants on earth were only primitive lower fungi and algae. The period from 35 to 1.5 billion years is dominated by bacteria and cyanobacteria, which is often referred to as the bacteria-cyanobacteria era.

Algae in the earliest period, the original single-celled organisms will gradually become the most primitive algae, such as green algae, cyanobacteria, etc., which originated in water, are very dependent on water, and can not grow without water. With the evolution, the original single cell will gradually evolve into multi-cell, and the structure will gradually become more and more complex.

The course of plant evolution is roughly as follows: primitive algae living in the ocean, after a very long time, gradually evolved into primitive bryophytes and ferns adapted to land life, so that the original barren land began to put on green clothes.

This kind of plant is evolved from primitive algae, it has no leaves, no real roots, can only rely on false roots on the ground, using stems for photosynthesis. After the successful landing of naked ferns, they gradually differentiated into a variety of ancient ferns. These ferns have not only tall stems, but also real roots and leaves, but they can't reproduce without water.

The general course of plant evolution

1. The course of plant evolution is roughly as follows: the primitive algae living in the ocean, after a very long time, gradually evolved into primitive bryophytes and ferns adapted to land life, so that the original barren land began to put on green clothes.

2. With the progress of crustal movement, some oceans will become land, and the plants in the sea will gradually evolve into ferns. At first, they were just evolved naked syncope, and they had no leaves or roots, but were born on land on false roots. After that, the stem will evolve, as well as roots and leaves, but reproduction is still inseparable from water.

3. Primitive single-celled organisms gradually evolved into primitive algae, such as primitive green algae, which could not live without water. About 500 million years ago, terrestrial plants-naked ferns-appeared on the earth. This kind of plant is evolved from primitive algae, it has no leaves, no real roots, can only rely on false roots on the ground, using stems for photosynthesis. After the successful landing of naked ferns, they gradually differentiated into a variety of ancient ferns.

What is the general course of plant evolution?

The course of plant evolution is roughly as follows: primitive algae living in the ocean, after a very long time, gradually evolved into primitive bryophytes and ferns adapted to land life, so that the original barren land began to put on green clothes.

The evolution of plants: algae → moss → ferns → gymnosperms → angiosperms. For nearly 3 billion years from 3.5 billion years ago to 400 million years ago (late Silurian), the plants on earth were only primitive lower fungi and algae. The period from 35 to 1.5 billion years is dominated by bacteria and cyanobacteria, which is often referred to as the bacteria-cyanobacteria era.

Algae in the earliest period, the original single-celled organisms will gradually become the most primitive algae, such as green algae, cyanobacteria, etc., which originated in water, are very dependent on water, and can not grow without water. With the evolution, the original single cell will gradually evolve into multi-cell, and the structure will gradually become more and more complex.

The evolution of plants primitive single-celled organisms gradually evolved into primitive algae, such as primitive green algae, which could not live without water. About 500 million years ago, terrestrial plants-naked ferns-appeared on the earth. This kind of plant is evolved from primitive algae, it has no leaves, no real roots, can only rely on false roots on the ground, using stems for photosynthesis.

Stratigraphy is a "history book" recording the development and changes of the earth, in which fossils are "words" describing plant evolution. In the long river of life on earth, plants have not only experienced the vicissitudes of the earth's history, but also will continue to develop and improve themselves in the future. Today's plant species have experienced a process of evolution from scratch, from low-level to high-level.

The evolution of plants can be divided into five stages: algae, bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Algal age: before Archean and Proterozoic to Devonian, the plant kingdom lived in water without organ differentiation, dominated by filamentous algae in the early stage and leafy plants in the later stage, which could form reefs.

The Origin and Evolution of plants

The evolution process of plants can be divided into bacteria and algae age, gymnosis age, fern age, gymnosperms era and angiosperm age. First of all, only small fungi and algae, with the change of the environment, the surrounding nutrition is difficult to meet the growth, began to gradually evolve to the complex, there is the existence of lichens, which is composed of algae and hyphae, or belong to lower plants.

The original plants appeared in the form of algae and fungi, which appeared 2.5 billion years ago. With the continuous evolution of Mother Earth, algae emerged from the water and formed the most primitive bryophytes and ferns.

Almost all the major plants rich in the Paleozoic era became extinct 248 million years ago (Triassic), while gymnosperms began to rise, evolved pollen tubes, and completely got rid of their dependence on water to form dense forests. Newer and more progressive angiosperms differentiated from certain gymnosperms at the beginning of the Cretaceous 140 million years ago. In the process of plant evolution, it constantly struggles with the external environmental conditions.

In this way, the original shape and structure of plants cannot meet the needs of land life without transformation. For example, when plants live in water, they use the whole surface of their body to absorb nutrients, while on land, they need special organs to absorb water and minerals from the soil on the one hand and carbon dioxide and oxygen from the atmosphere on the other.